In half a million UK adults, each 5 kg of lower grip went with 16–20% higher mortality
Grip strength and mortality in UK Biobank
The finding
Per 5 kg lower grip, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.20 (1.17–1.23) in women and 1.16 (1.15–1.17) in men.
- Authors
- Celis-Morales CA, Welsh P, Lyall DM, et al.
- Published
- BMJ 361:k1651 · 2018
- Evidence
- Read in the primary source; numbers checked.
- Source
- doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k1651
How it was studied
Prospective cohort of 502,293 adults aged 40–69 (54% women). Mean follow-up 7.1 years; 13,322 deaths.
The numbers
Women and men respectively: cardiovascular mortality 1.19 (1.13–1.25) and 1.22 (1.18–1.26); respiratory mortality 1.31 (1.22–1.40) and 1.24 (1.20–1.28); all cancer 1.17 (1.13–1.21) and 1.10 (1.07–1.13).
The study defined weakness as grip under 26 kg in men and under 16 kg in women. Adding grip to an office-based risk score raised the C index by 0.013 for all-cause and 0.012 for cardiovascular mortality, a small improvement in prediction.
What it does not show
The authors say reverse causation and residual confounding cannot be excluded. UK Biobank volunteers are healthier than the general population.
What Longstanding does with it
This is why grip is in the battery. The small gain in the C index is also why the app does not turn your grip into a risk score: it adds a little to prediction for a population, and says much less about one person.
Tests this bears on
Related
- Each 5 kg of lower grip strength went with about 16% higher mortality across 17 countriesLeong DP · 2015
- A meta-analysis of 42 cohorts and 3 million people found 16% higher mortality per 5 kg of lower gripWu Y · 2017
- The European sarcopenia definition uses low strength, not low muscle mass, as the primary signCruz-Jentoft AJ · 2019